Netherlands is setting standards
Although there is the DAfStB guideline for recycled aggregates in Germany which regulates the use of defined recycled aggregates in concrete and mortar, there are currently no applicable regulations for the use of incinerator bottom ash aggregates. In Germany, a general building approval or an individual building approval from the German Institute for Building Technology (DIBt) is required.
The Netherlands is considerably more progressive – having created a standardised regulation, namely the CUR Aanbeveling 116 directive, introduced in October 2012, which defines the use of IBA as an aggregate for concrete. In combination with European standards, this unlocks great potential for application. more

Dutch production of concrete products with incinerator bottom ash